pramodr wrote:
> Hi group,
> 
> I am a novice in XML technologies even though I have been exposed to
> it for quite some time. My question is as follows
> 
> If a dtd or schema is supplied with the xml, is the xml validated
> always against  the dtd/schema ?

It depends on what you open the document with (editor, processor, inline 
parser, custom app, etc). If the software is capable of validation, and 
if it's set to perform validation on opening the document, then it will 
do so. If it's not, it won't. Some editors, for example, only parse 
documents for well-formedness when you open them, and leave full 
validation to the user clicking on a button or saving the document after 
changes.

> We specify the dtd (or schema) with a URL like the one below which is
> a part of a web deployment descriptor - web.xml. If the validation is
> mandatory why does'nt it throw me an error when I am working
> standalone (disconnected from the web) ?

Because the DOCTYPE Declaration refers to a URI as the SI for the DTD 
and it can't get it when you're disconnected from the net; and you don't 
have a local copy stored in a Catalog where it can be resolved against 
the FPI. You either need to be online, or you need to enable catalog 
resolution in your software.

A URI as the SI is mandatory in XML if you work with a DTD; the FPI is 
optional. This was a hotly-debated topic at design time, and in 
retrospect it was a suboptimal decision: a mandatory FPI with a 
synchronised catalog and cache would have been much better. It was 
claimed at the time that this would have meant more work for software 
authors, which would have slowed implementation (in fact it can be 
implemented in a screenful of code or less); and that everyone would 
soon have permanent connections and limitless bandwidth (yeah, right).

///Peter
-- 
XML FAQ: http://xml.silmaril.ie/

> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
> <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web
> Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
> <web-app id="WebApp_ID">
> 
> </web-app>
> 
> 
> Thanks and regards
> Pramod R